How is prostatitis treated? Based on the results of the physical examination and laboratory tests, the urologist and urologist will devise a treatment plan, including the full range of treatment measures. As a rule, a comprehensive program of treatment includes antibacterial and antiviral therapy, drug therapy that improves vascular tone. Widely used physiotherapeutic treatments (magnetic-laser-induction, ultrasound, acupressure, leech therapy), as well as enhancers, a course of prostate massagespecified. In each case, the choice and strategy of treatment remains with the urologist-andrologist.
The role of the prostate gland in a man's life
Prostate- a part of the male reproductive system that produces a specific secret to nourish and protect sperm. When the smooth muscle fibers of the prostate capsule and seminal vesicles contract, semen is released into the urethra - ejaculation (ejaculation).
Anatomy:The prostate gland is located below the bladder and covers the upper part of the urethra, therefore, with an increase in size, various urinary disorders develop. Size, shape, and density are individual and vary with a man's age. The gland has a complex neural apparatus, and even with small pathological changes, local and general disturbances are caused in it.
Function:The main function of the prostate gland is secretion. The secret (or juice) produced by it is partially liquid and dense and includes proteins, carbohydrates, electrolytes, fats, and hormones. The gland not only transports sperm, but also dilutes the sperm, ensuring sperm motility and vitality. The prostate gland is an important organ involved in the regulation of testosterone production, while also ensuring that the erection mechanism works properly.
Classification of prostatitis
- sharp;
- asymptomatic inflammation;
- chronic bacteria;
- chronic pelvic inflammatory disease syndrome.
Complaints with prostatitis
- Various urinary disorders associated with urethral stricture:
- Difficulty starting to urinate đi
- intermittent urination;
- weak urine stream;
- urinating drop by drop;
- incomplete feeling of the bladder;
- Involuntary urine leakage.
- Symptoms due to irritation of nerve endings:
- increased urination;
- increased urination at night;
- Urgent urination;
- urinating in small portions;
- Urinary incontinence with a feeling of wanting to urinate.
- Pain in the lower abdomen, groin area, inner thighs, or lower back, and a variety of sexual disorders can occur.
Remember that a violation of the behavior of urination and painful symptoms can occur not only with prostatitis, but also with adenoma (benign hyperplasia) of the prostate gland. Unfortunately, prostate cancer is also commonly diagnosed. That is why, for early diagnosis of possible prostate problems, all men after the age of 50 are recommended to donate blood for prostate-specific antigen (PSA).
Causes of prostatitis
- sexually transmitted infections: chlamydia, ureaplasma, mycoplasma, herpes virus, cytomegalovirus, Trichomonas, gonococcus, Candida, Escherichia coli can infect the urethra and be detected in prostate tissue;
- violation of blood circulation in the pelvic organs (obstruction of the prostate leads to inflammation);
- sedentary lifestyle (driver, office worker, official);
- prolonged sexual abstinence, interrupted intercourse or prolonged duration of artificial intercourse;
- frequent hypothermia (fans of extreme recreation: diving, surfing, kayaking and skiing);
- stress: mental and physical overload.
Prostatitis and potency.Prostatitis itself does not lead to impotence. However, untreated chronic prostatitis, like seminal cystitis, can lead to inhibition of sex drive, insufficient erection, premature or rapid ejaculation, pain during ejaculation and so-calledorgasm is deleted.
Prostatitis and male infertility.Among other factors, the prostate gland also affects sperm viability, and in some cases, the inflammatory process leads to infertility.
In developed countries, most men over the age of 45 have regular preventive health checks by a urologist-urologist. Prostate screening in these countries has become commonplace. Our compatriots take a different stance: they only go to the doctor when they have completely "forced it".
And here are the results: treatment of prostatitis in our country requires 40-60% of men of reproductive age.
Diagnosis of prostatitis
Chronic prostatitis is a latent disease. Very often, the disease develops insidiously and gradually becomes chronic. If you don't pay attention in time, a seemingly insignificant incident can develop into a real nightmare. During the onset of the disease, sometimes the temperature is quite high (38-39 ° C), pain in the perineum turns the process of urination and defecation into a miracle. Abscesses can form, i. e. a purulent fusion of the tissues of the prostate gland, with all subsequent consequences.
In its severe form, prostatitis leads to the most serious complications, causing many problems not only for the man himself but also for his family. With prostatitis, not only decreased libido and impaired erectile function. The saddest thing is that about 40% of patients are threatened by some form of infertility, as the prostate gland can no longer produce enough high-quality secretions to ensure sperm motility. Therefore, it is very important to treat prostatitis in the early stages of the disease. The success of prostatitis treatment largely depends on this.
Urological examination
- methods of general examination of urology patients: blood tests (clinical, biochemical, HIV, RW and markers of hepatitis B and C) and urinalysis.
- Special examination methods of urological patients:
- study of the secretion of the prostate gland;
- testing for sexually transmitted diseases;
- digital rectal exam;
- Renal, bladder and transrectal ultrasonography of the prostate gland for urinalysis (urinary examination suspected prostatitis);
- blood tests for PSA and a prostate biopsy (if indicated) to rule out prostate cancer.
Prostatitis treatment
After receiving all the results, the urologist will create a treatment plan. This prostatitis treatment program should include the full spectrum of treatment measures. The development of prostatitis is always provoked by several factors, therefore it is necessary to act in several directions at once. As a rule, a complex program for the treatment of prostatitis, which includes antibiotic therapy, drug therapy that improves vascular tone, physiotherapeutic procedures, as well as speech enhancersIn general, a course of prostate massage is prescribed.
Massage, despite the fact that it causes some unpleasant sensations, is a necessary procedure. First, for diagnosis, when you need to take prostate secretions for study. Also, in some cases, massage is done to relieve the blockage in the prostate. Usually this event is approached seriously and selectively.
Prostate tumor or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) A disease that occurs in 50% of men over 50 years of age. The reason for the proliferation of prostate tissue is still not clear enough. BPH is often associated with inflammation. If left untreated, prostatitis will get worse, urine outflow becomes more difficult, blood circulation in the bladder wall becomes poor, and over time, the bladder wall hardens. These changes are irreversible.
Complications of prostate cancer
- Urinary tract infections;
- acute urinary retention;
- bladder stones;
- chronic kidney failure.
Different testing methods make it possible to assess which disorders are common and how severe they are. Depending on the results of the examination, the doctor and the patient decide which treatment method to choose. BPH can be treated surgically and medically.
Viral prostatitis
Herpes virus, cytomegaly, human papillomavirus are often the cause of the development of urethritis, complications of prostatitis and male infertility.
For example, in men without any manifestations of genital herpes on the skin and mucous membranes, the virus can only be detected by laboratory diagnosis in semen or prostate secretions. The patient infects his sexual partner, he develops spermatology and as a result is infertile. Often, patients with nonbacterial prostatitis receive massive amounts of antibiotic therapy without the expected positive effect, when in fact a virus may be the cause. disease, which requires a completely different tactic in treatment (antiviral therapy, immunotherapy, etc. ).
Herpetic:According to different authors, prostatitis was caused or assisted by herpes simplex virus in 2. 9 - 21. 8% of cases. Typically, chronic prostatitis is characterized by frequent and persistent recurrences. In clinical practice, the diagnosis of chronic prostatitis is rarely made by urologists. The reason, apparently, is that virological diagnostic methods are not included in the criteria for examining patients with chronic prostatitis. This is due to the stereotypical thinking of doctors, and patients are often examined for non-viral genital infections.
In the clinical course of prostatitis, functional changes are noted - reproductive changes, pain (when irradiating the external genitalia, perineum, lower back) and tangled syndromes. dysfunction. Usually, in patients with recurrent genital herpes, prostatitis is subclinical: in these patients, the diagnosis of prostatitis is made on the basis of the presence of leukocytosis in the secretions. of the prostate gland and reduced the number of lecithin particles.